An Arab Perspective
I. B.C.
600,000 - 10,000
Paleolithic and Mesolithic period. Earliest human remains in the area
(found south of the Lake of Tabariyya), date back to ca. 600,000 BC.
10,000 - 5,000
Neolithic period. Establishment of settled agricultural communities.
5,000 - 3,000
Chalcolithic period. Copper and stone tools and artifacts from this
period found near Jericho, Bi'r As-Sabi' and the Dead Sea.
3,000 - 2,000
Early Bronze Age.Arrival and settlement of the Canaanites (3,000 -
2,500 BC)
ca. 1,250
Israelite conquest of Canaan.
965 - 928
King Solomon (Sulayman), construction of the temple in Jerusalem.
928
Division of the Israelite state into the kingdom of Israel and Judah.
721
Assyrian conquest of the kingdom of Israel.
586
Judah defeated by Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar, deportation of
its population to Babylon and destruction of the temple.
539
Persians conquer Babylonia, allowance of deportees to return and construction
of a new temple.
333
Alexander the Great conquers Persia and Palestine comes under the Greek
rule.
323
Alexander the Great dies, alternate rule by Ptolemies of Egypt and
Seleucids of Syria.
165
Maccabees revolt against the Seleucid ruler (Antiochus Epiphanes) and
establish an independent state.
63
Incorporation of Palestine into the Roman Empire.
________________________________________
II. A.D.
70
Destruction of the second temple by the Roman Emperor Titus.
132-135
Suppression of the Bar Kokhba revolt. Jews barred from Jerusalem and
Emperor Hadrian builds a pagan city on its ruins.
330-638
Palestine under Byzantine rule, Christianity spreads.
638
Omar ibn al-Khattaab enters Jerusalem and ends the Byzantine rule.
661-750
Palestine administered by the Umayyad chaliphs from Damascus and construct
the Dome of the Rock ('Abd al-Malik, 685-705) and Al-Aqsa in its current
shape (al-Walid, 705-715).
750-1258
Palestine administered from Baghdad by the'Abbasid caliphs.
969
Palestine administered by the Fatimids from Egypt as rivals to Baghdad.
1071
Saljuqs (originally from Isfahan) rule Jerusalem and parts of Palestine
(officially still under the 'Abbasids).
1099-1187
The Crusaders arrive and establish the "Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem".
1187
Salah al-Diin al-Ayyoubi (from Kurdistan) conquers the crusaders in
the battle of Hittin, kicks them back to Europe and frees Jerusalem. Palestine
administered from Cairo.
1260
The Mamluks succeed the Ayyubis, continue to administer Palestine from
Cairo and kick the Mongols in the battle of 'Ayn Jaluut near An-Nasira.
1291
The Mamluks (Khalil bin Qalawuun) conquer the last crusader stronghold
in Akka and Qisariya.
1516-1917
Palestine incorporated into the Ottoman state and administered from
Istanbul.
1832-1840
Moh'd Ali Pasha (Egypt) rules Palestine, Ottomans take over afterwards.
1876-1877
First Palestinian deputies from Jerusalem attend the first Ottoman
parliament.
1878
First Zionist settlement (Petach Tiqva) established under the guise
of agricultural community.
1882-1903
First wave of Zionists (25000 strong) enters Palestine as illegal immigrants
from Eastern Europe.
1882
French Baron E. de Rothschild starts backing Zionists activities in
Palestine financially.
1887-1888 Ottomans divide Palestine into three districts: Jerusalem
(follows Istanbul) , Akka and Nablus (follow the 'wilaya' of Beirut).
1896
Theodor Hertzl, a journalist from an Austro-Hungarian origin published
Der Judenstaat (The Jewish State) advocating the establishment of a Jewish
state in Palestine or elsewhere.
1896
JCA (Jewish Colonization Association) starts aiding Zionist settlements
in Palestine.
1897
First Zionist congress in Switzerland issues the Basle Program "calling
for a home for the Jewish people in Palestine" and establishes the WZO
(World Zionist Organization to that end.
1901
JNF (Jewish National Fund) set up by the 5th Zionist congress to acquire
land (in Palestine) and 'make it Jewish'.
1904-1914
Second wave (around 40000 strong) of Zionist illegal immigrants arrive
in Palestine and increase the Jewish percentage to 6% of the total population.
1909
First Zionist Kibbutz (collective farm), establishment of Tel Aviv
north of Yaafa.
1914
World War I starts.
Note: what follows is translation from the Arabic version of the book.
1916
- January: Hussein-McMahon talks regarding steps leading to Arab countries/provinces'
independence from the Ottoman empire.
- May: The signing of the Sykes-Picot agreement dividing Arab countries/provinces
between Britain and France!
- June: Sharif Hussein declares independence from Ottoman Empire and
the start of Arab revolt against Istanbul.
1917
- November: The Balfour declaration - UK foreign minister declares
support towards establishing a Jewish state in Palestine.
1918
- September: British forces, led by Gen. Allenby, occupy Palestine
- October: World War I ends.
1919
- Jan-Feb: first Palestinian National Conference in Jerusalem rejects
Balfour declaration and calls (with letters to the Paris peace conference)
for independence.
- August: Paris peace conference sends investigation committee to the
Near East. UK and France did not participate. Committee recommends modification
of Balfour ideas.
1919- 1923
- Third wave of Zionist-Jewish immigrants (around 35000) raising their
percentage in Palestine to 12%, with land ownership at 3%.
1920
- April: disturbances start in Palestine. Five Jewish people killed
and 200 injured. UK investigates and attributes causes to broken promises
and fears of new waves of immigrants.
- April: Peace conference higher council in San Rimo places Palestine
under British mandate
- May: British occupation prevents the second Palestinian National
Council (PNC) from convening
- July: Sir H. Samuel (British Jew) opens British civil administration
in Palestine.
- December: third PNC convenes in Haifa, elects executive committee
that steers Palestinian political movement till 1935
1921
- March: formation of the Haganah, Jewish underground terror organization
- May: Disturbances in Haifa protesting Zionist waves of immigration
leading, among casualties, to 46 Jewish immigrants. The British investigate,
found as before.
- May: Haj Amin al-Husseini appointed a mufti for Jerusalem
- May-June: fourth PNC convenes in Jerusalem, sends a mission to London
to explain position
1922
- June: British minister for colonies (W. Churchill) publishes the
white paper excluding East of Jordan river from the Balfour declaration
and calls for organizing Zionist immigration according to economic capacity
of Palestine.
- July: League of Nations approves British mandate over Palestine
- August: 5th PNC approves economic boycott of the Zionists.
- October: 1st British census in Palestine found total population to
be 757182 , 78% of whom were Muslim Arabs, 9.6 Christian Arabs and 11 %
Jewish (mainly new immigrants)
1923
- September: British mandate officially begins
1924-1928
4th wave of Zionist immigrants (67000) arrives (50% of whom were from
Polonia). This increases Jewish percentage to 16%, with land ownership
up to 4.2 % in 1928).
1925
- Vladimir Jabutinsky's Zionist party calls for the establishment of
a Jewish state in Palestine and east of the River Jordan. Stresses the
military aspects of Zionism.
- October: 6th PNC convenes in haifa
1928
- June: 7th PNC convenes in Jerusalem
1929
- August: clashes over the Western (Alburaq) Wall i Jerusalem. Clashes
led to 116 killed and 232 wounded among Palestinians (mainly by British
fire) and 133 dead and 339 wounded among the Jewish side.
- October: General Palestinian Conference convenes in Jerusalem to
discuss the situation around the Western (Alburaq) Wall
1929-1939
5th Zionist immigration wave brings 250000 immigrants raising their
percentage to 30% and their land ownership to 5.7 %.
1930
- January: League of Nations forms an international committee to investigate
the legal situation over the Jerusalem Wall.
- March: the British Shaw committee releases findings in the 1929 clashes.
- October: The Hope-Simpson report on immigration finds no enough resources
for Zionist waves of immigration. UK colonies' minister issues a white
paper incorporating findings of Shaw and H-S.
1931
- Irgon, another Jewish terrorist organization, formed by Zionist extremists
and those who split from Haganah. Led by Vladimir Jabutinsky.
- February: British PM, R MacDonald, retracts from the white paper
of October 1930, in a letter to H. Weissman, the Zionist leader.
- November: 2nd British census in Palestine finds 1,035,154 people.
73% Muslim Arabs, 8.6% Christian Arabs and 16.9% Jewish (mainly immigrants).
- December: L French, UK development director, publishes a report about
Palestinian Arabs who lost their land thanks to Zionist settlements.
1933
-UK foreign minister issues a report concerning the need to re-settle
Palestinian farmers who were expelled from their lands in favor of Zionist
immigrants
1935
- October: Zionist revisionists leave the World Zionist Organization
and establish a new one aiming at "liberating" Palestine and East Jordan.
- November: Sh. Izz Eddin al-Qassam leads the first Palestinian unit
resisting British policies and dies in a battle with British forces near
Jenin.
1936
- April: Palestinian parties for the Arab Higher Committee headed by
Haj. Amin Husseini.
- May: Palestinian National Committees conference calls for a stop
of tax payment (no taxation without representation). Revolt begins.
August: Fawzi Qawikji, along with 150 volunteers enter Palestine from
Lebanon to help fight against the British occupation.
November: British royal committee, headed by Lord peel, arrives in
Palestine
1937
- January: Royal committee leaves Palestine
- April: The Irgon, headed by Jabutinsky, re-organizes and calls for
start of raids against Palestinians
- July: Peel committee report recommends partitioning Palestine into
Jewish state (33%) on best areas and one for Palestinian Arabs in addition
to British protectorates including Jerusalem. Reports refers to forced
transfer, if needed, of Palestinians from the 'Jewish' part.
- July: Arab Higher Committee rejects the Peel recommendations, calls
for Independence of whole Palestine with protection for the rights of all
and the British interests. Revolution continues.
- September: Arab National Conference convenes in Bludan Syria). Rejects
partition plans, calls for an end to British mandate, Zionist immigration
and transfer of land ownership.
- October: British occupation dissolves Arab Higher Committee and the
rest of Palestinian political organizations. Five leaders expelled and
Haj A. Husseini escapes to Lebanon.
- November: Britain forms court martials to face the Palestinian revolution.
1938
- April - August: Irgon (Jewish underground terror organization) starts
offensive against the Palestinians killing 119. Palestinians resist killing
8.
- June: British officer Orde Wingate forms Special Night Units from
British soldiers and Irgon terrorists to attack Palestinian villages.
- October: Britain calls reinforcements. Governors replaced by army
general to face the revolution.
- October: British forces re-occupy Jerusalem from the Palestinian
rebels.
- November: Woodhead technical fact finding committee declares partition
plan inappropriate, calls for general conference to be attended by Palestinians,
Arabs and Zionists.
1939
- February: London conference convenes
- March: London conference ends. No agreement.
- May: British House of Commons votes in favor of a white paper by
minister of colonies M. MacDonald. The paper calls for: conditional independence
of a Palestinian state after ten years, acceptance of 15000 Zionist immigrants
a year for 5 years, then by Arab agreement. British official sources put
the number of Palestinians killed in the revolt at 3500-4000 in addition
to 500 Jews/Zionists.
- September 1: World War II begins.
- October: Separatists from the Zionist Irgon organization form the
Stern gang headed by Abraham Stern.
1940
- February: Land ownership rules according to British 1939 white paper
enforced.
1940 - 1945
- Over 60,000 Zionist/Jewish immigrants enter Palestine (over 20,000
'illegally' as determined by Britain who controlled borders). Jewish/Zionist
percentage rises to 31% and land they control to 6%.
1942
- February: Abraham Stern killed by British police
- May: Baltimore conference for Zionist leaders convenes in NY, calls
for "making Palestine a Jewish homeland"
1943
- November: Britain extends the five year Zionist influx to exhaust
the 75,000 permits according to its 1939 white paper.
1944
- January: Zionist organizations Irgon and Stern unite against the
British.
- November: Stern group assassinates Lord Moyne (British minister)
1945
May 8: World War II ends.
- September: Zionist influx resumes, protected by the Haganah (Zionist
terror organization).
- November: British foreign minister, E. Bevin, releases a white paper
declaring the resumption of Jewish immigration.
1946
- March: Anglo-American committee arrives in Palestine to investigate
British white paper of 1945.
- May: Anglo-America committee report indicates 61, 000 - 69,000 armed
members in Zionist organizations Stern, Haganah and Irgon; declares special
armies illegal, recommends 100,000 more immigrants and the cancellation
of land ownership regulations. Palestinians strike in protest.
- June: Arab League convenes in Bludan (Syria), approves 'secret' decisions
and warns UK and US that ignoring Palestinian rights will affect their
interests in the Arab world.
- July: British white paper on terrorism in Palestine accuses Haganah,
Stern and Irgon of 'violence and destruction'.
- July 22: Irgon blows up the King David Hotel in Jerusalem killing
91 people (among them British, Palestinian and Jewish employees of the
mandate)
- July: Anglo-American conference convenes in London, suggests a federal
plan (M-G) to solve the Palestinian problem. Suggestions rejected by both
Zionist and Palestinian leaders.
1947
- January: round table conference re-convenes in London.
- February: British foreign minister, E. Bevin, suggests an amendment
to the M-G plan and presents it to London conference. Plan rejected by
Arab representatives and Jewish Agency.
- February 18: Bevin announces he'll take the problem of Palestine
to the United Nations
- April 28 - May 15: UN General Assembly convenes the Palestine session,
forms the 11-member UNSCOP committee
- September 8: UNSCOP report published. Majority of its members suggest
partition, minority suggest federal solution.
- September 16-19: Arab League denounces partition, forms a committee
to help in Palestinian defense needs
- September 26: Arthur Jones, British minister for colonies, announces
Britain's decision to end its mandate over Palestine
- September 29: Arab Higher Committee rejects the partition plan.
- October 2: the Jewish Agency accepts the partition plan.
- October 7 - 15: Arab League convenes in Lebanon, warns of Zionist
danger after Mandate and allocates a million Sterling Pounds for Palestine
- October 29: Britain announces departure in 6 months if no solution
achieved
- November 27: Arab League Committee head report warns of inability
of Palestinians to face the Zionist armies without help and organization.
- November 29: UN general Assembly votes on an amended partition plan
calling for a 56.5 % of Palestine for a Jewish state, 43 % for a Palestinian
one and internationalization of Jerusalem. Votes were 33 for, 13 against,
10 abstinations. Arab representatives left the meeting.
- November 30: The Haganah calls for Jews aged 17 to 25 to enlist for
military service
- December: Arab League establishes the "Arab Salvation Army" from
Arab non-regular volunteers, headed by Fawzi Qawikji.
- December 2: Palestinians declare a 3-day strike protesting partition.
Disturbances result in killing of 6 Palestinians and 8 Zionists/Jews.
- December 8: Britain presents a recommendation to the UN calling for
an end of its mandate on Palestine, immediate formation of a Jewish state
and a Palestinian state two weeks after.
- December 8 - 17: Arab League political committee declares partition
illegal and decides to supply the League Palestine Committee with rifles
and volunteers
- December 15: Britain announces it will hand the admin of Tel Aviv/Petah
Tikva to the Jews and Yafa to the Palestinians
- December 17: Jewish Agency executive body announces that American
Jews should pay 250 million US$ to help the Zionists in Palestine
- December 21 - March 1948: Zionist organizations Irgon and Haganah
start coastal ethnic cleansing of Palestinian villages
- December - January 1948: Arab Higher Committee forms local committees
to defend Palestinian villages, towns and localities against Zionist cleansing.
1948
- January: AbdulQadir al-Husseini returns to Palestine from exile and
becomes active in resisting the partition
- January 8 - 10: Arab Salvation Army's first unit of 330 fighters
arrives in Palestine, meets resistance from both Britain and Zionist organizations
- January 14: The Haganah stockpiles on arms, mainly imported from
Czechoslovakia, including artillery, machine guns, ammunition and 25 planes.
- January 16: British report to the UN estimates 1974 killed during
the period November 30, 1947 and January 10, 1948
- January 20: Britain says it'll hand over administration according
to local majority in each area
- January 21 - 28: an extra 760 volunteers arrive to join Arab Salvation
Army (ASA)
- January - March: Jewish National Fund encourages the expulsion of
Arabs from Haifa. The Haganah attacks Palestinians near al-Hula lake (north
of Tabariyya) and the Palmach (another Zionist armed group) attacks bedouins
in An-Naqab.
- February 16: ASA loses near Bisan.
- February 18: The Haganah calls men and women aged 25 - 35 to enlist
in 'military service'.
- February 24: UN discusses the situation
- March: East Jordan government head meets UK's Bevin and both agree
that East Jordan government forces enter areas allocated to Palestinians
(according to partition plan) after the end of Mandate
- March 5 - 7: Qawikji assumes leadership of ASA units in the Jenin-Nablus-Tulkarm
triangle 9areas assigned to an Arab state according to partition plan)
- March 6: the Haganah announces general mobilization
- March 10: British House of Commons votes on ending the mandate on
May 15. The Haganah drafts "Plan Dalet" (Dalet is Hebrew for D) for military
operations in Palestine.
- March 18: American president, Truman, receives Chaim Weizman and
promises to support the declaration of the Jewish State on May 15.
- March 19 - 20: USA representative in the Security Council asks it
to suspend the partition plan and calls for a General Assembly session
to discuss a trusteeship on Palestine. Arabs accepted a limited one with
a truce conditioned by Jewish acceptance. The Jewish Agency rejected.
- March 25: Truman calls for an immediate truce, announces willingness
to participate in temporary trusteeship
- March 30 - May 15: 2nd coastal cleansing operation by the Haganah
against Palestinians between Haifa and Yafa.
- April 1: First arms shipment to Jewish organizations lands in Haifa,
more in air cargo. Security Council calls for a General Assembly session
according to US suggestion.
- April 4: The Haganah starts executing "Plan Dalet (D)".
- April 4 - 15: Battle of Mishmar Ha 'Emeq. Haganah wins and Palmach
occupies villages in the plains of marj bin Aamer
- April 6 - 15: Operation Nachshon (first part of Dalet Plan). Villages
and towns on the Jerusalem - Tel Aviv road fell to Haganah.
- April 8: Abdur Qadir Husseini dies in counter offensive to restore
al-Qastal (near Jerusalem)
- April 9: Deir Yassin massacre. Irgon and Stern terrorists kill 250
civilians in this village in Jerusalem district
- April 12: General Zionist Council decides to establish an independent
state in Palestine on May 16.
- April 20: Operation Hariel of Plan Dalet. Palestinian villages on
Jerusalem road targeted and destroyed. Continues till May 15.
- April 15 - May 25: Operation Yiftah captures Safad and uses psychological
war to expel Palestinians. Operation Sweeper drives bedouins to Jordan
River.
- April 16 - 17: Golani and Palmach units occupy Tabariyya (Tiberias)
after British forces leave. Palestinian residents leave.
- April 17: Security Council calls for a military and political truce
- April 20: USA brings its trusteeship proposal to the UN
- April 21: Operation Misparim. British forces leave Haifa, Haganah
launches offensive.
- April 22: Local defenders in Haifa lose. Residents leave due to heavy
shelling and round offensive.
- April 25: Irgon attacks yafa.
- April 26 - 30: Haganah launches Operation Yabusi on and around Jerusalem
and occupies areas there.
- April 27 - May 5: Irgon and Haganah intensifies shelling and ground
offensive on Yafa (Operation Hamets) leading to expulsion of 50000
- April 30: Haganah captures all areas of West Jerusalem and expels
Palestinians
- May 3: Reports say Zionist attacks left about 175,000 - 200,000 Palestinian
refugees
- May 8 - 16: Haganah launches Operation Maccabi capturing villages
on the Ramle-LaTrun road
- May 9 - June 1: Operation Barak. Haganah attacks around Ramle
- May 10 - 15: Golani brigade captures Bisan and launches attacks in
area
- May 12 - 14: Zionist forces receive more arms shipments arrive from
Czechoslovakia
- May 13: ASA and local fighters attack Gush Etsion and captures it
in return of Zionists attack on the Hebron road. Yafa surrenders to the
Haganah.
- May 13 - 21: Operation Ben Ami. Carmeli brigade captures Akka 9Acre)
and coastal areas north of the city
- May 14: Haganah launches offensive on Jerusalem after British forces
leave. Some residential areas captured in old city. An Israeli state was
declared in Tel Aviv at 4 pm. USA president Truman recognizes the state
- May 15: British mandate ends. Israeli state declaration takes effect.
- May 15 - 17: Lebanese soldiers enter north border, restore 2 villages.
- May 15 - 28: Arab Army (East Jordan) crosses the river and takes
positions in Jerusalem, captures areas from the Haganah
- May 15 - June 4: Iraqi units enter Palestine and take position in
Jenin-Nablus-Tulkarm triangle. Haganah launches offensive, expel residents
of villages on the Jenin road and even occupying Jenin but kicked out on
June 3 -4 .
- May 15 - June 7: Egyptian units cross the border and reach Isdod
(coastal town). Some volunteers connect with Jordanian units near Bethlehem.
- May 16 - 30: Operation Ben Nun. Zionists fail to capture Latrun to
open Jerusalem - Yafa road, but capture neighboring villages
- May 16 - June 10: Syrian units enter from north. Restores a few villages
together with Lebanese soldiers
- May 20: Security Council appoints Bernadotte its intermediary in
Palestine
- May 22: Security Council issues a resolution calling for a ceasefire
- June 9 - 10: Operation Yuram fails to capture Latrun
- June 11 - July 8: First truce.
- June 28 - 29: Bernadotte suggests a solution between East Jordan
and Palestine leading to Arab and Jewish states and allocates each party's
share. Both parties rejected it.
- July 7: Security Council calls for an extension of the truce
- July 7 - 18: Operation Dani. Lod and Ramle fall, residents leave.
Villages on the Yafa-Jerusalem road fall and a major offensive on Latrun
ends with second truce taking effect.
- July 8 - 14: Operations An-Far and Dekel end in capture of areas
near Ramle as well as Naasira and al-Jalil al-Asfal (Lower Galilee)
- July 9 - 18: Israeli army fails to restore a settlement from the
Syrians
- July 15: Security Council calls concerned governments and authorities
to issue a ceasefire and implement it in 3 weeks.
- July 17: Israeli Operation Kedem fails to capture old Jerusalem.
- July 18 - October 15: second truce
- July 24 - 26: Operation Shuteir. Israeli forces attack and capture
3 villages south of Haifa.
- August 16 - early October: expulsion of bedouins from an-Naqab by
Negev and Yiftah brigades
- July 24 - 28: Operation Nikayon (cleansing): occupation of areas
north of Isdod
- September 16: Bernadotte suggests a new partition of Palestine. An
Arab state to join east Jordan (contains An-Naqab, Lod, Ramle), Jewish
state in Galilee (al-Jalil), internationalization of Jerusalem, return
of refugees or compensation. Arab league and 'Israel' reject.
- September 17: Zionist group, Stern, assassinates Bernadotte.
- October 15 - November 9: Operations Yuav and Hahar. Occupation of
Bi'r as-Sabi', Majdal, Isdod, coastal areas and villages near Hebron.
- October 29 - 31: Operation Hiram. Capture of Jalil al-A'ala (Upper
Galilee) and advance toward Litani river in Lebanon
- November 4: security Council resolution calls for withdrawal to the
prior October 14 positions and establishment of permanent truce lines
- November - Mid 1949: Israeli forces expel villagers from a stretch
5 - 15 Km deep in Lebanon as well as residents of al-Jalil.
- December 22 - January 6, 1949: Operation Horef against Egyptian forces.
Occupation of many towns and villages, advancement into Sinai followed
by withdrawal and ceasefire on December 7 with forces on the outskirts
of Rafah
- December 27: an attack on Egyptian forces fail.
1949
- February 24: Israeli-Egyptian truce. Egyptian forces leave Faluje
and keeps gaza-Rafah strip.
- February (end): Israeli army expels Faluje residents in violation
of truce.
- March: Israeli forces complete occupation of An-Naqab and reach Aqaba.
- March 23: Israeli-Lebanese truce. Israeli forces withdraw from most
Lebanese areas.
- April 3: Israeli-Jordanian truce. Jordan keeps Nablus, Jenin and
Tulkarm but leaves Wadi Ara. Both accept status quo in Jerusalem.
- July 20: Israeli-Syrian truce. Demilitarized area between them.
Events that follow are taken from the PASSIA diary:
1949
UN Conciliation Commission for Palestine established; UNRWA founded;
UN General Assembly resolution 303; 4th Geneva Convention.
1950
Israeli law of return and absentee property law; Jordan unified East
Bank and what remains of West Bank (or the River Jordan)
1951
King Abdullah I assassinated in Jerusalem
1955
Israeli army attack and massacre in Gaza
1956
Israeli massacres in Qalqilya, kafr Qaasim and Khan Yunis; tripartite
invasion (British, French, Israeli) of Egypt and the Suez crisis
1957
Israeli withdrawal from Sinai (Egyptian) and Gaza
1959
Fateh founded
1963
PLO draft constitution issued at Arab summit in Cairo
1964
PLO founded
1965
Israelis divert the Jordan River; Fateh carries first military operation
in Palestine
1966
Israeli massacre in As-Sammu' village
1967
The six-day (June) war; occupation of the rest of Palestine; UN resolution
242; Arab league summit in Khartoum (Sudan)
1968
PFLP (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine) founded; the Karamah
battle; PNC (Palestinian National Charter) amended
1969
DFLP (Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine) founded; Israeli
arson attack on Al-Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem; Arafat became PLO chairman
1970
Black September events in Jordan
1972
King Hussein's UAK (United Arab Kingdom) plan
1973
October War (Yom kippur); UN resolution 338; Geneva conference; Palestinian
National Salvation Front founded
1974
Rejectionist Front formed; UN and Arab League recognize PLO as sole
legitimate representative of the Palestinians; Arafat addresses the UN
1975
PLO granted access to the UNSC; UN General Assembly resolution 3379
(Zionism is a form of racism)
1976
Land Day; West Bank municipal elections (under Israeli occupation)
1977
Begin's (Israeli PM) autonomy plan
1978
National Guidance Committee formed, Israeli invasion of South Lebanon;
Camp David Accords (Israeli-Egyptian)
1979
Israeli-Egyptian Peace Treaty; Int'l Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian
People declared; UN res. 446, 452 (againstIsraeli settlement policy)
1980
EC's Venice Declaration; Israeli Basic Law on Jerusalem (annexation)
1981
King Fahd plan
1982
Fez, Reagan and Brezhnev plans; Israeli invasion of Lebanon; Sabra
and Shatila massacre (Sharon and co.); Palestinian Communist Party founded
1983
Geneva International Conference
1986
War of the camps in Lebanon
1987
The first Intifada
1988
Jordan's disengagement declaration; Hamas (Islamic Resistance Movement)
founded; Shultz peace plan; Palestinian Declaration of Independence
1990
Massacres at Iyun Qarah (Rishon LeZion) and Al-Aqsa Mosque
1991
Gulf War; Madrid Conference
1992
Multilateral talks; Israeli Labor Party wins elections
1993
Closure policies begin; Declaration of Principles (Arafat-Rabin-Clinton)
1994
Hebron massacre; Oslo I agreement; PA established
1995
Oslo II agreement; Y. Rabin assassinated by an Israeli.
1996
Palestinian Elections; PLC (Palestinian Legislative Council) formed;
Netanyahu (Israeli Likud) comes to power
1997
Hebron agreement; Sh. A Yassin released (in a deal over failed Israeli
operation in Jordan)
1998
Wye River memorandum
1999
Sharm el-Sheikh agreement (Wye II or Wye+); end of interim phase (according
to Oslo I)
2000
More failed talks over land, Jerusalem and refugees; Sharon's visit
to Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem and second Intifada
http://www.palestine-net.com/history/bhist.html
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